Infrastructure

Charles Mace of Tufts University in the U.S. will develop paper-based cards to improve the collection, storage, and transport of blood samples from remote areas to diagnostic laboratories in low-resource settings. Dried blood spot cards are a low-cost and simple method for collecting and storing blood samples for analysis. However, they have a very basic design, which makes it difficult to control sample volume and elute specific types of molecules, which are needed to properly perform many diagnostic tests.

Robert Steinglass of JSI Research & Training Institute, Inc in the U.S. will teach community members to use traditional methods such as a drum to signal the arrival of a vaccination team to villages in India to improve vaccination coverage. Children in remote villages are vaccinated by outreach services. Although visits are scheduled on specific days, they often change, and there is no simple way to inform all the relevant families. Sound can travel long distances and is used to call communities together in many cultures.

Emmanuel Ihedioha of Lifespan Healthcare Resource Ltd in Nigeria will develop a web-based platform that acts as a lifetime register to track the immunizations of all Nigerian children from birth, issues timely reminders to parents and community members via SMS, and informs medical facilities which vaccines are needed. Currently, immunization cards issued to mothers are used to record and plan immunizations, but they can be lost or contain errors.

Jacob McKnight and Mike Wilson of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom will develop a simple application that contains information about the quality, location, and the nature and cost of services provided by the different pathology laboratories in Kenya so that doctors and patients can choose the one that best suits their needs. They will conduct surveys to collect key information on the pathology laboratories in the Nairobi area, and consult with doctors and medical associations to find out how they use those laboratory services and what needs to be improved.

Fassika Fikre Hailemeskel of Maisha Technologies PLC in Ethiopia will build and field-test their drone for the rapid delivery of blood from blood banks to health facilities across Ethiopia. Almost 50% of maternal deaths in Ethiopia are caused by hemorrhage. Although there are 24 regional blood banks, difficult terrain and limited infrastructure on the ground mean that delivery to certain areas is almost impossible. A drone would bypass these obstacles.

Shahnoza Eshonkhojaeva of Sinostream AB in Sweden will use machine-learning algorithms to predict the amount of medicines and supplies needed at individual health clinics in low-resource settings, and to inform medical stores for delivery. Their approach involves obtaining daily consumption patterns that are recorded on smart paper stock cards at rural health clinics, which requires no training, internet access, or electricity.

T.J. Corcoran of Hemalytics LLC in the U.S. will create a platform incorporating a web portal and smartphone application to track patients and their samples during diagnostic testing in low-resource settings to ensure they receive the results, and in a timely manner. They will develop a suite of mobile health tools for storing encrypted patient and sample data, capturing test results in the laboratory, and notifying patients and health workers of the results. They will test their platform using patients, laboratories, and administrators located in different cities in the U.S.

Cheikh Tidiane Diagne of the Institut Pasteur de Dakar in Senegal will enable real-time remote sensing and monitoring of specimens during transport to laboratories in low-resource settings to facilitate diagnosis and assist researchers and health workers. Containing outbreaks during epidemics requires the early detection and rapid identification of pathogens, which means quickly and carefully collecting and transporting samples to laboratories. They will develop smart biosample preservation and transportation tools that can be monitored in real time with a remote digital interface.

Lee Schroeder of the University of Michigan in the U.S. will develop a smartphone application that can be used by health centers in Ghana to request independent drivers to transport patient samples quickly and at low cost to laboratories for diagnostic testing. Current courier services in resource-poor settings, when available, can be unreliable or expensive. A 'sharing economy' approach to delivery, by hiring independent drivers online, could improve services and reduce costs.

The primary objective of this project is to develop a platform that comprehensively screens for substandard medicines, expand implementation from a central testing facility to regional and community health centers and create demand through stakeholder education workshops. This project is expected to impact quality of MCH medicines on the market. Existing methods of substandard drug detection are bulky, require technical expertise, time-consuming, qualitative, error-prone and do not measure drug release kinetics.